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arXiv:2306.01116cs.CL

The RefinedWeb Dataset for Falcon LLM: Outperforming Curated Corpora with Web Data, and Web Data Only

Guilherme Penedo, Quentin Malartic, Daniel Hesslow, Ruxandra Cojocaru, Alessandro Cappelli, Hamza Alobeidli, Baptiste Pannier, Ebtesam Almazrouei, Julien Launay

Abstract

Large language models are commonly trained on a mixture of filtered web data and curated high-quality corpora, such as social media conversations, books, or technical papers. This curation process is believed to be necessary to produce performant models with broad zero-shot generalization abilities. However, as larger models requiring pretraining on trillions of tokens are considered, it is unclear how scalable is curation and whether we will run out of unique high-quality data soon. At variance with previous beliefs, we show that properly filtered and deduplicated web data alone can lead to powerful models; even significantly outperforming models from the state-of-the-art trained on The Pile. Despite extensive filtering, the high-quality data we extract from the web is still plentiful, and we are able to obtain five trillion tokens from CommonCrawl. We publicly release an extract of 600 billion tokens from our RefinedWeb dataset, and 1.3/7.5B parameters language models trained on it.

arXiv comments
Journal reference
DOI
Subjects
cs.CLComputation and Language cs.AIArtificial Intelligence

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Linked by 3 identifiable commenters in 4 comments across 4 threads, from Jul 2023 to Mar 2024. Found in 1 HN submission from Jun 2023 to Jun 2023. Open submission discussions.

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Discussed in comments4 threads

  1. DBRX: A new open LLM 1 comment
    • Personally, I found looking at open source work to be much more instructive in learning about AI and how things like training data and such are done from the ground up. I suspect this is because training data is one of the bigger moats an AI company can have, as well as all the…

      IshanMiView on HNParent context

    • Similarly HN is already an important data source for large language model training. For example, the RefinedWeb paper lists HN as one of only 12 websites that were excluded. From what I understand, it was excluded because it went into the final dataset unvetted. RefinedWeb was…

      weinzierlView on HNParent context

    • No, it doesn't require. If you take all public web text it is just something like 40 trillion characters, which could fit in a single hard disk uncompressed including suffix tree structure. [1]: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.01116.pdf

      YetAnotherNickView on HNParent context

    • I appreciate that attitude and value it myself, but I like to point out that it is not without risk. If the world around HN (including its community) changes, stasis can damage or kill it as well. Specifically regarding the issue of the original posting: - HN is already an…

      weinzierlView on HNParent context

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