The Koha Code: A Biological Theory of Memory

Abstract

This work introduces the Koha model, a new theory that aims to explain two unresolved phenomena within biological neural networks: How information is processed and stored within neural circuits, and how neurons learn to become pattern detectors. In the Koha model, the dendritic spines of a neuron serve as computational units that scan for precise spike patterns in their synaptic inputs. The model proposes the existence of a temporal code within each dendritic spine, which is used for the dampening or amplification of signals, depending on the temporal information of incoming spike trains. Compelling evidence is provided and a concrete process is described for how signal filtration occurs within spine necks. A competitive learning algorithm is then proposed that describes how neurons use their internal temporal codes to become pattern detectors.