arXiv:1210.4626quant-ph
Time-optimal quantum computation
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Abstract
Given any quantum error correcting code permitting universal fault-tolerant quantum computation and transversal measurement of logical X and Z, we describe how to perform time-optimal quantum computation, meaning the execution of an arbitrary Clifford circuit followed by a layer of independent T gates and any necessary feedforward measurement determined corrective S gates all in the time of a single physical measurement. We assume fast classical processing and classical communication, and argue the reasonableness of this assumption. This enables fault-tolerant quantum computation to be performed orders of magnitude faster than previously thought possible, with the execution time independent of the error correction strength.
Yes, speed matters. No, quantum computers can't do everything instantly even with unbounded qubits. A well studied example is that it's impossible to parallelize the steps in Grover's algorithm. To find a preimage amongst N possibilities, with only black box access, you need…
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